Volha Yaltsevich was arrested as a defendant in a criminal case under Part 2 of Article 342 of the Criminal Code for 'financing of group actions grossly disrupting public order'.

According to the investigation case file, from August 13 to December 19, 2020, Volha Yaltsevich, together with other persons, allegedly paid the monetary penalties imposed on the offenders, the lawyers' fees, the state fees for filing complaints, transferred funds to compensate for the damage caused to the state by the illegal actions and provided other material assistance to the participants in the unauthorized mass events.

On July 15, 2022, Judge Yauhen Brehan found Volha Yaltsevich guilty and sentenced her to 24 months of imprisonment in a general-security penal colony.

In early October 2022, she was transferred from remand prison #7 in Brest to remand prison #6 in Baranavičy, Brest region. On October 21, she was transferred to women's penal colony #4 in Homieĺ.

In November 2022, the Ministry of Internal Affairs added the political prisoner to the 'List of persons involved in extremist activities'.

A former political prisoner told human rights defenders that when in the remand prison in Brest, Volha Yaltsevich went on a hunger strike several times in protest against the inhuman conditions and ended up in a punishment cell. Eventually, they put her in the cold, damp basement, where she spent about 50 days with only cold water. All food would immediately become wet and uneatable there, and Volha's health deteriorated seriously. Now she is in the penal colony in Homieĺ and keeps her spirits up. "I was impressed by Volha's resilience," she said.